What is Yunyou 云游 in Taoism?

What is Yunyou 云游 in Taoism?

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Yunyou, or "cloud-wandering", is a form of spiritual practice and lifestyle for Taoist priests. In The Supreme Pure Jade Manual of the Heavenly Emperor's Ultimate Tao by Zhu Quan of the Ming Dynasty, it is stated: "When Taoists travel to seek truth and consult masters, it is called 'cloud-wandering'. A Taoist is a person who upholds the will of Heaven. Since those who originate from Heaven tend to draw close to what is above, it is thus named 'cloud-wandering'."

In the early days of Taoism, there was no concept of cloud-wandering. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, with the spread of Taoism, the formation of different sects, and the expansion of Taoist scriptures, many renowned senior Taoists traveled abroad to seek teachings from other masters. Later, cloud-wandering gradually became an important form of Taoist practice.

When Taoist priests leave their temples to wander, they face long journeys, exposure to wind and rain, irregular meals, and no fixed abode, making it an extremely arduous experience. Therefore, Taoism regards cloud-wandering as a means to embody asceticism and encourage determination, as well as a test of a Taoist's faith and willpower. For example, Quanzhen Taoism requires wandering priests to carry only basic items such as clothing, toiletries, alms bowls, multi-purpose shovels, bamboo hats, and straw raincoats. During their travels, they both seek guidance from masters and promote Taoism.

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