Shi Xinlin (石杏林): The Taoist Master

Shi Xinlin (石杏林): The Taoist Master

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Shi Xinglin (1022–1158), originally named Shi Tai, styled Dezhi, and also known by the literary name Cuixuanzi, was a native of Changzhou, Jiangsu Province. He was a renowned Taoist priest at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the second of the "Five Patriarchs of the Southern Sect" of the Taoist Internal Alchemy School.


According to legend, Shi Xinglin was inherently kind-hearted and often treated people with medicine without accepting any rewards, only asking those who recovered from illness to plant an apricot tree. Over time, the apricot trees grew into a forest, hence people called him Shi Xinglin (Shi of the Apricot Forest). Later, Shi Xinglin met Zhang Boduan and received the transmission of the great way of golden elixir from him. After obtaining the essential teachings, Shi Xinglin devoted himself to cultivation.


In the 28th year of Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty (1158), Shi Xinglin passed away. He authored Huan Yuan Pian (On Returning to the Origin).


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The Path of the Daoshi

What Does It Mean to Be a Taoist Priest?

The term "Daoshi" literally means "master of the Way." We are:

  • Spiritual Cultivators: Seeking unity with the Dao through meditation, qigong, and internal alchemy
  • Ritual Specialists: Performing ceremonies for the community, from blessings to exorcisms
  • Scholars: Preserving and interpreting classical texts like the Dao De Jing and Zhuangzi
  • Healers: Many of us practice traditional Chinese medicine and feng shui
  • Teachers: Guiding others along the path of natural harmony

The Three Treasures We Cultivate

Treasure Chinese Meaning Practice
Compassion 慈 (cí) Loving-kindness toward all beings Service to community, non-harm
Frugality 俭 (jiǎn) Simplicity and moderation Living with less, avoiding excess
Humility 不敢为天下先 Not daring to be first in the world Leading by example, not force

Our Monastic Traditions

The Two Main Paths

Quanzhen (全真) - Complete Reality School

  • Monastic life with celibacy vows
  • Emphasis on internal alchemy and meditation
  • Founded during the Jin Dynasty
  • Think of us as the "monks" of Taoism

Zhengyi (正一) - Orthodox Unity School

  • Hereditary priesthood
  • Priests may marry and have families
  • Focus on ritual and community service
  • Traces lineage to Zhang Daoling

Daily Life in the Temple

Dawn breaks, and we rise for morning practice. The day follows the rhythm of nature:

Morning (5:00-7:00 AM)

  • Morning meditation facing east
  • Qigong exercises in the courtyard
  • Chanting of classical texts

Midday (11:00 AM-1:00 PM)

  • Community meal (often vegetarian)
  • Study of scriptures
  • Temple maintenance

Evening (5:00-7:00 PM)

  • Evening meditation
  • Preparation of herbal medicines
  • Consultation with visitors seeking guidance

The Sacred Arts We Practice

Internal Alchemy (Neidan 内丹)

This is not the gold-making that Westerners often imagine. Our alchemy transforms the practitioner from within:

  • Jing (精): Essence - our vital energy
  • Qi (气): Life force - breath and energy circulation
  • Shen (神): Spirit - consciousness and awareness

Through meditation and breathing techniques, we refine these three into what we call the "Golden Elixir of Immortality."

Ritual and Ceremony

We serve our communities through various ceremonies:

Ceremony Type Purpose When Performed
Jiao (醮) Community blessing and renewal Seasonal festivals
Zhai (斋) Purification and merit-making Times of difficulty
Funeral Rites Guiding souls to peace After death
Healing Rituals Restoring harmony to body/spirit During illness

The Philosophy We Live By

Wu Wei (無為) - Effortless Action

Many misunderstand this as passive inaction. In truth, wu wei means acting in accordance with natural flow, like water finding its way around obstacles. A skilled Daoshi intervenes minimally but at precisely the right moment.

Yin Yang Balance

We see the world not as opposing forces in conflict, but as complementary aspects of one reality:

  • Light cannot exist without shadow
  • Strength finds meaning through yielding
  • Life and death are parts of one cycle
  • Activity and rest both have their seasons

Misconceptions Westerners Often Have

"Taoists are hermits who avoid the world" While some of us retreat to mountains for intensive practice, many Daoshi live among people, serving as doctors, teachers, and spiritual advisors.

"Taoism is just philosophy, not religion" Taoism is both. We have temples, deities, rituals, and a rich devotional tradition alongside philosophical teachings.

"All Taoists do martial arts" Some do, but it's not universal. Taiji and other arts grew from Taoist principles, but scholarship and medicine are equally important paths.

Words of Guidance

If you're drawn to our way, remember that the Dao cannot be grasped by force or understood through intellect alone. Start simply:

  • Observe nature's rhythms
  • Practice moderation in all things
  • Cultivate stillness through meditation
  • Treat others with genuine compassion
  • Study the classical texts with an open heart

The path is long, but each step teaches patience. As we say: "The journey of a thousand li begins with a single step."


 

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