Fu Jinquan(傅金铨): Representative of Yin-Yang Dual Cultivation School

Fu Jinquan, whose birth and death years remain unrecorded, styled himself Dingyun, and went by the literary names Jiyi Zi and Zuihua Daoren. He was a native of Shancheng, Jinxi County, Jiangxi Province, and a renowned Taoist priest in the late Qing Dynasty, as well as one of the representative figures of the Yin-Yang Dual-Cultivation School of Inner Alchemy.

In the 22nd year of the Jiaqing reign of the Qing Dynasty (1817), Fu Jinquan entered Sichuan and resided in Baxian County (present-day Chongqing) for forty years, attracting a large number of disciples. In the preface to Beixi Ji (a collection of his works) written by A Yinglin, it is mentioned that Fu Jinquan himself stated, "I received teachings from Ancestor Chunyang (Lü Dongbin) and fulfilled the prophecy of eight hundred years. The foremost virtues are loyalty and filial piety, just as the traditions of Tao have been passed down through Yao, Shun, Yu, King Wen, King Wu, the Duke of Zhou, and Confucius. A ruler should uphold benevolence, a minister should maintain respect, a father should practice kindness, and a son should embody filial piety. When each attains the highest good, they thereby rectify their own cultivation."

Fu Jinquan was a prolific writer, with works including Annotations on the Mirror for Medicine Preparation, Key Insights into Reading "The True Principles of Heavenly Immortals", The Touchstone of Taoist Books, A Concise Record of the Consistent True Essence in Taoist Texts, Newly Engraved "Chuiyang Jing" with Supplementary Collection, Ode to the Tripod Vessel, Annotations on Lü Zu's "Qinyuanchun", Song of the True Scripture, Song of Gold Gathering, The Study of the Mind, Ode to Chishui, Beixi Ji, The Correct Aim of Nature and Heaven, Newly Engraved Annotations on Five Taoist Texts, Guidelines for Reading Alchemical Classics, Top Annotations on "The True Transmission of the Golden Elixir", and Annotations on the Poems of Shao Yong (Kangjie), among others.

Fu Jinquan relocated to Sichuan in the 22nd year of the Jiaqing reign (1817), settling in Baxiang (modern-day Chongqing), where he lived for approximately forty years. During this period, he attracted numerous followers and disciples, actively transmitting his Taoist teachings.

In the preface to his work Beixi Ji (杯溪集), written by the scholar A Yinglin, Fu Jinquan is quoted as stating that he received instruction from the Pure Yang Patriarch (Chunyang Zushi). He emphasized the fulfillment of the prophecy of “eight hundred years,” advocating loyalty and filial piety as the foremost virtues. He likened these virtues to those of legendary sage-kings Yao, Shun, Yu, Wen, and Zhou, as well as Confucius, underscoring the continuity of the Taoist tradition. Fu articulated moral ideals for different social roles:

He considered these virtues as the highest good and the proper cultivation of one’s conduct.

Fu Jinquan was a prolific author, producing numerous Taoist texts that cover internal alchemy, Taoist philosophy, ritual practice, and more. Some of his important works include: