The Great Encyclopedia of Taoism

Di Ji: The Grand Imperial Ancestral Sacrifice 禘祭

Di Ji: The Grand Imperial Ancestral Sacrifice 禘祭

Paul Peng

Di Ji (禘祭) is the grand imperial ancestral sacrifice of the Zhou dynasty — ranked above seasonal rites in solemnity, performed in multiple variants, and reserved for the ruler's personal...

Di Ji: The Grand Imperial Ancestral Sacrifice 禘祭

Paul Peng

Di Ji (禘祭) is the grand imperial ancestral sacrifice of the Zhou dynasty — ranked above seasonal rites in solemnity, performed in multiple variants, and reserved for the ruler's personal...

Chao Ri: The Morning Sun Sacrifice of the Zhou Ruler 朝日

Chao Ri: The Morning Sun Sacrifice of the Zhou ...

Paul Peng

Chao Ri (朝日) is the Zhou imperial sunrise sacrifice performed by the Son of Heaven at the spring equinox — facing east at dawn to welcome the sun and establish...

Chao Ri: The Morning Sun Sacrifice of the Zhou ...

Paul Peng

Chao Ri (朝日) is the Zhou imperial sunrise sacrifice performed by the Son of Heaven at the spring equinox — facing east at dawn to welcome the sun and establish...

Lan Ta: The Excessive Improper Sacrificial Practice 兰它

Lan Ta: The Excessive Improper Sacrificial Prac...

Paul Peng

Lan Ta (兰它) designates excessive or improper sacrifice in the Zhou ritual system — offerings made to spirits beyond one's ritual authority, classified as yin si (淫祀) and strictly prohibited...

Lan Ta: The Excessive Improper Sacrificial Prac...

Paul Peng

Lan Ta (兰它) designates excessive or improper sacrifice in the Zhou ritual system — offerings made to spirits beyond one's ritual authority, classified as yin si (淫祀) and strictly prohibited...

Shang Ji: Dried Fish Offering in Zhou Ancestral Rite 商祭

Shang Ji: Dried Fish Offering in Zhou Ancestral...

Paul Peng

Shang Ji (商祭) is the Zhou dynasty ancestral sacrifice in which carefully selected dried fish served as the principal offering — a rite of precise measurement and ritual purity recorded...

Shang Ji: Dried Fish Offering in Zhou Ancestral...

Paul Peng

Shang Ji (商祭) is the Zhou dynasty ancestral sacrifice in which carefully selected dried fish served as the principal offering — a rite of precise measurement and ritual purity recorded...

Pei Xiang: Attendant Offering in Zhou Temple Sacrifice 配享

Pei Xiang: Attendant Offering in Zhou Temple Sa...

Paul Peng

Pei Xiang (配享) is the Zhou dynasty practice of attaching later deceased to existing ancestral sacrifices — ensuring every generation receives offerings without requiring a separate temple.

Pei Xiang: Attendant Offering in Zhou Temple Sa...

Paul Peng

Pei Xiang (配享) is the Zhou dynasty practice of attaching later deceased to existing ancestral sacrifices — ensuring every generation receives offerings without requiring a separate temple.

Jie Tiao: The Pre-Feast Offering to the Corpse-Spirit 接条

Jie Tiao: The Pre-Feast Offering to the Corpse-...

Paul Peng

Jie Tiao (接条) is the Zhou dynasty pre-feast offering to the corpse-representative (尸) — the living person embodying the ancestor — marking the moment of most direct communion between the...

Jie Tiao: The Pre-Feast Offering to the Corpse-...

Paul Peng

Jie Tiao (接条) is the Zhou dynasty pre-feast offering to the corpse-representative (尸) — the living person embodying the ancestor — marking the moment of most direct communion between the...