The Five Manifest Thearchs Lamp Rites
The author is unknown.
It was probably compiled in the late Yuan Dynasty or early Ming Dynasty. Consisting of one scroll, it is included in the Weiyi (Rituals and Etiquette) category of The Dongzhen Section in the Daoist Canon.
As one of the Taoist lamp rituals, this text is dedicated to lighting lamps in worship of the Five Manifested Lingguan Emperors, offering eulogies and declarations to pray for the elimination of disasters and the bestowal of blessings.
The so-called Five Manifested Lingguan Emperors refer to:
- King Guangji of Furen, Zhaoying and Xiancong, the Mighty Grand Marshal of the Heavenly Capital;
- King Guangyou of Fuyi, Zhaolie and Xianming, the Grand Marshal of the Horizontal Heavenly Division;
- King Guanghui of Fu Zhi, Zhaoshun and Xianzheng, the Grand Marshal of the Heaven-Penetrating Golden Eyes;
- King Guangze of Fuxin, Zhaoyou and Xianzhi, the Grand Marshal of the Sky-Scouring Wind and Fire;
- King Guangcheng of Fuai, Zhaoli and Xiande, the Grand Marshal of the Cinnabar Heaven Demon-Subduing.
These five deities are also known as the Five Tong Gods. It is said that their divine power prevails throughout the Three Realms, and they compassionately deliver all living beings.
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