Knowing people is wisdom; being able to know what others like and dislike is called wisdom. Understanding oneself is true clarity; when a person can know whether he is virtuous or unworthy, this is called listening inwardly without sound and observing internally without form, thus it is called clarity. Overcoming others demonstrates strength; those who can overcome others do so merely through power and force. One who overcomes his own desires and emotions is truly strong; if a person can overcome his own desires and emotions, then there will be no one in the world who can contend with him. He who knows contentment is rich; if a person knows contentment, then he will always preserve blessings and fortune. He who persists in action has willpower; if a person exerts great effort to perform good deeds, then he shows intention toward the Dao, and the Dao also shows intention toward him. He who does not lose his place endures for a long time; if a person can restrain himself and cultivate care, not losing the refined qi bestowed by Heaven that he has received, then he may endure for a long time. To die without perishing is to be long-lived; if one's eyes do not gaze carelessly, ears do not listen recklessly, and mouth does not speak inappropriately, then there will be no resentment or hatred toward him from the world, thus he attains longevity.