Zhi ren, meaning a ruler governing the people. Shi tian, shi, to use; one should use the Way of Heaven and follow the four seasons. Nothing is better than frugality. Se, to cherish and preserve. Those who govern the state should cherish the people's wealth and not indulge in extravagance. Those who cultivate themselves should cherish their vital energy and not engage in indulgence or recklessness. To practice frugality is called early preparation. Zao, meaning earlier or in advance. Fu, to obtain or attain. Only by cherishing the people's wealth and vital energy can one first attain the Way of Heaven. Early preparation is called accumulating virtue repeatedly. To first attain the Way of Heaven is to say that one accumulates great gains for oneself. Repeatedly accumulating virtue means nothing cannot be overcome, ke, meaning to conquer or prevail over.

To repeatedly accumulate virtue for oneself is to have no adversary that cannot be defeated. If nothing cannot be overcome, then none can know its limit; if one can conquer all and prevail over everything, then no one knows the ultimate extent of one's virtue. One who is unknown in their limits can possess a nation. If one does not know the limit of their virtue, then they may hold the state and bring blessings to the people. Possessing the root of a nation allows for lasting stability. The state and the self are the same. Mu, is the Dao. If a person can preserve the Way within their body, keeping vital energy from exhaustion and the five spirits from distress, then they may attain longevity. This is called deep roots and a firm base; if a person can take breath as the root and essence as the base, just as if a tree's roots are not deep they will be uprooted, or if the base is not strong it will fall. This means one should deeply conceal their breath and firmly guard their essence so that there is no leakage or loss. The Way of long life and enduring vision. One who has deep roots and a firm base follows the Way of long life and lasting sight.