"Refining Emptiness to Unite with the Dao" in Neidan (Internal Alchemy) 内丹术中的“炼虚合道”

"Refining Emptiness to Unite with the Dao" in Neidan (Internal Alchemy) 内丹术中的“炼虚合道”

"Refining Emptiness to Unite with the Dao" in Neidan is the supreme practice of Daoist internal alchemy cultivation. The so-called "refining emptiness to unite with the Dao" also embodies the reverse thinking and the concept of "breaking attachments" in Daoism. From refining essence into qi, to refining qi into spirit, and then from refining qi into spirit to refining spirit to return to emptiness, all follow the thinking mode of regression and restoration.
Daoism holds that when entering the state of emptiness, if there is a clinging mind, it indicates that one has not yet escaped the "active" methods. One should further eliminate the clinging mind, even forgetting emptiness itself without any traces, so as to finally merge into one with the authentic Great Dao.

From the Zhong-Lü Daoist lineage in the Tang Dynasty to all Daoist alchemists in the Ming and Qing dynasties, they have repeatedly emphasized the spirit of "refining emptiness to unite with the Dao". As one of the "Seven Perfected Ones" of the Quanzhen Dao, Qiu Chuji clearly explained this in The Direct Pointing of the Great Elixir, while Li Daochun referred to it as "breaking through emptiness". The most basic idea of "breaking through emptiness" is to forget all clinging minds to active practices, enabling the self to transcend both the object and the self itself.

Refining Emptiness to Merge with Dao

炼虚合道
The Ultimate Realization in Daoist Internal Alchemy
Liàn Xū Hé Dào

In the profound tradition of Daoist internal alchemy (内丹术, Nèidānshù), the stage of Refining Emptiness to Merge with Dao (炼虚合道) represents the culmination of spiritual cultivation - the complete union of individual consciousness with the primordial Dao. This transcendent practice is the final stage of the alchemical journey, where the practitioner becomes one with the ultimate reality.

Following the stages of Refining Essence into Qi (炼精化气), Refining Qi into Spirit (炼气化神), and Refining Spirit to Return to Emptiness (炼神还虚), this ultimate transformation represents the return to the source of all existence. Ancient texts describe this as "the immortal merges with the great Dao" - the complete transcendence of all dualities.

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The Essence of Union

The Alchemical Process

  • Non-Dual Union: Transcending the separation between self and Dao
  • Cosmic Integration: Becoming one with the flow of the universe
  • Spontaneous Functioning: Action without intention or effort
  • Eternal Presence: Existing beyond time and space
  • Boundless Compassion: Universal love as natural expression

Characteristics of Union

  • Wu Wei (無為): Effortless action in harmony with Dao
  • Ziran (自然): Complete spontaneity and naturalness
  • Timeless Awareness: Consciousness beyond past and future
  • Cosmic Embodiment: The universe manifesting as the individual
  • Divine Playfulness: Joyful engagement with the world of form

The Four Stages of Union

🌌

Dissolution

Dissolving the last vestiges of separate self

🌀

Expansion

Expanding to embrace the entire cosmos

Illumination

Realizing the luminous nature of reality

♾️

Integration

Living as Dao in the world of form

"The highest attainment is no-attainment; the greatest realization is no-realization. When one merges with Dao, there is no self to cultivate and no Dao to merge with."

- Laozi, Dao De Jing (6th Century BCE)

Symbols of Union

Yin-Yang
Wuji
Qian (Heaven)
Kun (Earth)

Essential Practices

Meditative Approaches

  • Non-Meditation: The practice beyond practice
  • Formless Samadhi: Absorption without focus
  • Cosmic Embodiment: Becoming the universe
  • Spontaneous Presence: Being without intention

Philosophical Insights

  • Emptiness of Self: No separate identity
  • Non-Attachment: Freedom from all concepts
  • Suchness: Reality as it is, without interpretation
  • Cosmic Perspective: Seeing from the view of Dao

Traditional vs. Modern Understanding

Classical Interpretation

  • Union with the primordial Dao
  • Dissolution of spiritual identity
  • Complete transcendence of self
  • Return to the undifferentiated source
  • Non-dual awareness
  • Spontaneous perfection

Contemporary Interpretation

  • Cosmic consciousness
  • Ego transcendence
  • Quantum field unity
  • Pure presence
  • Non-local awareness
  • Interconnected being

The Ultimate Realization

Characteristics

  • No-Mind: Thought without thinker
  • No-Self: Action without actor
  • No-Attainment: Being without becoming
  • Spontaneous Functioning: Perfect action without intention
  • Cosmic Play: Life as expression of Dao

Manifestations

  • Boundless Compassion: Natural expression of unity
  • Timeless Wisdom: Insight beyond knowledge
  • Effortless Power: Influence without force
  • Divine Playfulness: Joyful engagement with life
  • Universal Healing: Harmonizing energy fields

"The perfected person rides on the truth of heaven and earth, harnesses the transformation of the six energies, and wanders without end in the realm of infinity. What need have they of deliberate action?"

- Zhuangzi, The Book of Nanhua (4th Century BCE)

The journey of refining emptiness to merge with Dao represents the culmination of Daoist spiritual alchemy, where the practitioner becomes the living embodiment of the primordial Dao.

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